Obedience vs Critical Thinking dalam PPKn Menuju Patriotisme Kritis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65244/jgge.v2i3.980Keywords:
ketaatan, berpikir kritis, PPKn, nilai militer, patriotisme kritisAbstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji ketegangan filosofis antara nilai kepatuhan bercorak militer dan tujuan demokratis untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (PPKn). Kajian ini berangkat dari kesenjangan antara tujuan normatif pendidikan kewarganegaraan demokratis dan praktik pembelajaran transmisif yang dipengaruhi warisan pendidikan otoriter di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan kajian literatur sistematis dengan analisis filosofis dan konseptual terhadap 21 sumber terbitan 2015–2025, terdiri atas 20 artikel jurnal nasional dan internasional terindeks serta satu monografi referensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan empat temuan utama. Pertama, praktik transmisif PPKn berakar pada sejarah pemanfaatan pendidikan untuk pembentukan identitas kolektif dan kontrol sosial. Kedua, kesenjangan antara tujuan kurikulum dan praktik kelas dipengaruhi kendala struktural dalam desain kurikulum, sistem penilaian, dukungan guru, dan budaya institusi. Ketiga, ketegangan paradigma transmisif dan transformatif mencerminkan perjuangan ideologis mengenai makna warga negara yang baik. Keempat, penelitian ini menawarkan patriotisme kritis sebagai sintesis konseptual, yaitu komitmen terhadap Pancasila yang tumbuh melalui pemahaman kritis, bukan kepatuhan buta. Kerangka ini menawarkan arah kontekstual untuk membentuk warga negara yang reflektif, demokratis, dan berkomitmen pada nilai dalam konteks Indonesia pasca-otoriter.
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